Health from the forest

What is mycotherapy?

Mycotherapy literally means “healing with mushrooms”. This complementary therapeutic approach originates from Asian healing traditions, in particular Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Mycotherapy uses specific medicinal mushrooms, many of which are also known as edible mushrooms.

For millennia people have used the active compounds of mushrooms to ease pain and treat illnesses. Important: mycotherapy always uses the whole fruiting body of the mushroom so that all valuable constituents are available.

Mycotherapy is more than taking mushroom supplements. It is based on a holistic approach reflected in three core mechanisms. The first is transformation and regulation: medicinal mushrooms help regulate natural bodily processes and restore inner balance. They can harmonise the metabolism and promote well‑being. The second is strengthening and detoxification: mushrooms can bind and help eliminate toxins from the body. At the same time they strengthen the immune system and support the body’s defences. The third principle is transparency, protection and nourishment: through their filtering function, medicinal mushrooms protect against harmful influences and supply the body with important nutrients. They can be used preventively to support overall health.

What are medicinal (vital) mushrooms?

Vital mushrooms, also known as medicinal mushrooms, are a special group valued for their health‑promoting and healing properties. They contain numerous bioactive substances, including polysaccharides (e.g. beta‑glucans), glycoproteins, vitamins and minerals, enzymes and trace elements, essential amino acids and fibres.

These constituents often act synergistically, meaning they support each other’s effects and can positively influence the human organism in many ways – from strengthening the immune system to preventing and complementing treatments for various conditions.

Most vital mushrooms grow on trees and utilise the trees’ nutrients to their advantage. Each mushroom prefers certain tree species, which affects its composition and therefore its health effects. This means each mushroom can be targeted to specific complaints. Well‑known vital mushrooms include Cordyceps, Hericium (lion’s mane), Maitake, Reishi and Shiitake.

Mycotherapy: how do vital mushrooms work?

Vital mushrooms belong to the group of adaptogens. This means they help the body regulate itself and regain a healthy balance. Whether sleep problems, digestive issues or lack of energy – the balancing effect of mushrooms can often relieve or eliminate such complaints. Energy levels rise and one feels more vital and balanced.

A weakened immune system often works too slowly or reacts hypersensitively, for example in allergies. Vital mushrooms help to strengthen and regulate the immune system. Studies show they can increase the activity of defence cells in cancer patients without overstimulating the immune system. They restore balance – neither sluggish nor overactive.

Vital mushrooms are rich in enzymes that support the body’s detoxification. They help break down toxins and convert them into excretable forms. Gentle processing of the mushrooms is particularly important to preserve heat‑sensitive enzymes. Only then can the mushrooms act as natural catalysts and stimulate the body’s own detox systems.

Many vital mushrooms contain prebiotic compounds such as chitin, β‑ and α‑glucans and mannans – long‑chain carbohydrates that strengthen the gut flora. A healthy gut flora not only protects against pathogens but also supports the immune system. Thus mushrooms act holistically and boost your defences.

Chitin is a special substance – a polysaccharide that plays an important role in the immune system. It has immunostimulatory effects and helps fight parasites more effectively. Chitin also reduces fat absorption in the gut and supports weight loss. Additionally, it contains glucosamine, which is important for healthy joints and cartilage.

Polysaccharides (beta‑glucans) are complex multi‑sugars that strengthen the immune system, support the metabolism and even possess antitumour properties. Triterpenes are secondary plant compounds mainly responsible for adaptogenic effects. For example, Reishi contains over 100 different triterpenes with antiviral, antibacterial and anti‑inflammatory actions. Adenosine is a building block for cellular energy supply (ATP). Mushrooms such as Cordyceps, Reishi and Shiitake are rich in adenosine and thus support cellular energy. Antioxidants combat oxidative stress factors that are implicated in many diseases and protect cells from damage.

The individual constituents of vital mushrooms do not act in isolation but enhance each other. The combination of different mushroom species is often particularly effective, as they complement one another for certain complaints and thus produce an even stronger effect. Vital mushrooms therefore act not only on specific spots, but holistically: they stimulate metabolic processes, inhibit harmful pathways and bring the organism into a harmonious balance. This balancing action makes them valuable companions for many health challenges.

Which conditions can be treated with mushrooms?

Mushrooms can help with chronic conditions such as ulcerative colitis, rheumatic diseases, allergies and asthma. They act to regulate the immune system and can dampen excessive immune reactions, thereby reducing inflammation and symptoms.

Stress, depression and sleep disorders are widespread. Vital mushrooms such as Cordyceps, Hericium and Reishi can increase stress resilience, lift the mood and improve sleep quality – for greater inner calm and balance.

For skin problems like atopic dermatitis or respiratory disorders, medicinal mushrooms can have anti‑inflammatory effects and support healing. Their immunomodulating properties help alleviate symptoms.

Vital mushrooms are also helpful in type II diabetes, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and lipid metabolism disorders. Mushrooms such as Coprinus and Maitake support the regulation of blood sugar and cholesterol, promote fat reduction and protect the cardiovascular system.

Mushrooms like Cordyceps, Polyporus and Reishi help with hormonal fluctuations, water retention and hair loss. They support liver and thyroid function and promote general well‑being during menopause.

For osteoarthritis, arthritis, gout and fibromyalgia, mushrooms such as Pleurotus, Reishi, Cordyceps and Shiitake have anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant effects. They promote muscle relaxation and protect joints from further damage.

In a study of hypertensive diabetics, daily intake of Pleurotus mushroom powder led to significant improvements in blood pressure, blood sugar and HbA1c values. The cholesterol‑lowering effect of Pleurotus is also scientifically documented.

Which is better: vital mushroom extract or powder?

Vital mushroom extracts are concentrated preparations in which certain bioactive substances have been dissolved from the mushrooms. The chitin cell walls are broken down so that the actives can be absorbed particularly well by the body – this is referred to as higher bioavailability. Consequently, a considerably lower dose is typically required than with mushroom powders. However, there are also some drawbacks. Production is considerably more complex and costly, since a large amount of fresh mushroom yields only a small amount of extract. In addition, high temperatures are sometimes used during extraction, which can destroy heat‑sensitive proteins – proteins that would in any case be broken down in the stomach. Another difference: extracts no longer contain insoluble fibres that remain present in the powder.

Mushroom powder, by contrast, contains the whole mushroom in dried form – that is, the full nutrient spectrum including fibres, enzymes, vitamins and minerals. Powder relies on the holistic action of all constituents. Vital mushroom powders offer several advantages: they are produced close to nature and undergo few processing steps. Gentle drying below 50 °C ensures that heat‑sensitive constituents are largely preserved. One drawback is that a noticeable effect often requires a high intake. Depending on the product, this can mean 10 to 20 capsules per day.

Because extracts specifically target certain actives and powders deliver the full spectrum, experts often recommend a combination of both. This way you benefit from the high potency of extracts and the comprehensive nutrient diversity of the powder. Whether extract or powder – product quality and your personal situation are decisive. Pay attention to organic certification, origin and gentle processing. This secures the full power of mushrooms for your health.

Who is mycotherapy suitable for?

Vital mushrooms are true multi‑talents that strengthen the immune system and help the body stay young and active. Therefore mycotherapy is also an excellent option for generally healthy people to prevent disease and promote overall well‑being.

Even if you already have health issues, medicinal mushrooms can be a valuable complement. In such cases it is important to discuss the application with an experienced mycotherapist. Especially if you take medication, medical advice is recommended to rule out possible interactions.

Medicinal mushrooms can meaningfully complement medical therapy and even help reduce medication side effects. Like medicinal plants, mushrooms act supportively and promote healing from nature. 

Some practitioners specialise in the treatment of pets and use the healing power of mushrooms to help our animal friends as well.

How quickly does mycotherapy take effect?

The effect of medicinal mushrooms depends on various factors – from the preparation to individual constitution and the type of complaint. 

The effect of vital mushrooms can be felt within minutes in some instances – for example the blood‑thinning effect of certain mushrooms like Auricularia. First positive effects, such as improved sleep quality or reduced fatigue, often appear, but only after 2 to 4 weeks of regular intake.

For sustainable changes that occur at the cellular level – for example with allergies or chronic conditions – a duration of intake of 3 to 6 months is recommended. Natural products act gently and holistically, so the body sometimes needs time to process and implement the healing impulses.

What side effects do vital mushrooms have?

If you already take medication or have health problems, it is important to consult an experienced mycotherapist or physician before taking vital mushrooms. Interactions between mushrooms and medications are possible, for example with chronic thyroid conditions or hypertension. Medication can often be adjusted during therapy, but this should only be done under medical supervision. For animals, especially cats, veterinary follow‑up is advisable.

Mushrooms often contain high amounts of potassium, which can be problematic in people or animals with chronic renal insufficiency. Excess potassium can accumulate in the blood and cause life‑threatening conditions. In such cases careful selection of the mushroom is necessary: for example Cordyceps sinensis has a relatively lower potassium content and can, under medical supervision, be used in renal issues.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding, vital mushrooms should only be used after consultation with a physician or midwife. Effects on mother and child are not yet fully researched, so individual advice is essential.

When taking vital mushrooms the following side effects may occur, especially at the start of use: gastrointestinal complaints such as diarrhoea, stomach pain or bloating may be signs of an adaptation reaction or intolerance. Skin reactions such as rashes, itching or other allergic responses are possible, particularly in case of mushroom allergies. Respiratory symptoms such as cough or increased sputum may indicate a respiratory response. These symptoms often point to the natural detoxification process and usually subside within one to two weeks with proper dosing.

How to use vital mushrooms successfully: practical recommendations

• Choose laboratory‑tested, high‑quality preparations. Only tested vital mushroom products guarantee the absence of contaminants and optimal preservation of valuable constituents. This protects your health and delivers the best effects.
• Opt for organic quality. Mushrooms absorb pollutants from the environment. Therefore look for organic certification and reputable manufacturers to avoid contamination.
• Start with a low dose. Vital mushrooms act as prebiotics and can cause digestive complaints at the beginning. A gradual dosing improves tolerability and minimises side effects.
• Drink enough water. Vital mushrooms support detoxification. Increased fluid intake helps the body excrete dissolved toxins more effectively.
• Combine different vital mushrooms. Mushrooms complement each other in their effects. A targeted combination can enhance the effects and be tailored to your individual needs.
• Combine mushrooms with bitter substances. Bitters support detoxification and promote digestion. This way you benefit twice from your mycotherapy.
• Pay attention to the correct duration of intake and adjust the dose individually. For acute complaints a few weeks are often sufficient; for chronic conditions vital mushrooms are usually taken for 3–6 months or longer.
• Prefer powders from fruiting bodies: mushroom powder should come from the fruiting body and not from grain blocks, as only this ensures the full content of active compounds.
• Choose fine mushroom powder. Very finely milled powder has higher bioavailability so your body can absorb the constituents better.
• Check the ingredient list of extracts. A high polysaccharide content is good, but ensure no corn starch has been added. Only polysaccharides from mushrooms are truly effective.
• Use vital mushrooms as a supplement to a vegan diet. Vital mushrooms contain many minerals often found only in animal products. This helps you meet your needs optimally.
• If you take medication long‑term, consult your doctor. Certain mushrooms like Auricularia have a blood‑thinning effect, Polyporus acts as a diuretic. If you take medication, medical consultation is important to avoid interactions.
• Distribute the daily dose evenly. Even distribution of vital mushrooms throughout the day ensures a constant concentration of actives in the body and optimal effects.
• Experiment with timing. Morning, midday or evening – test when intake suits you best. This allows you to optimise the effect individually.
• Mix mushroom powder into foods or drinks. Vital mushroom powder can be easily stirred into smoothies, yoghurt or coffee. This helps you integrate mushrooms into everyday life.
• Avoid excessive temperatures for the powder. Mushroom powder should not be boiled, as heat can destroy many active compounds. Opt for gentle preparation.
• Pay attention to your tolerance. Observe your body for possible initial reactions such as mild digestive complaints. These usually subside after a short time.
• Adjust mushroom selection to your needs. Each vital mushroom has particular strengths. Seek advice on which mushroom blend best matches your goals.
• Use cure phases rather than continuous intake. Continuous intake is possible, but targeted cure phases often suffice to support the body and achieve the desired effect.

These tips help you use vital mushrooms in a targeted, safe and effective way for your well‑being. With high‑quality products and patient application you can make the most of the natural power of mushrooms for your health.